If, when he came to power, Gorbachev began with fairly benign reforms and only a few changes in the leading cadres, the more the crisis...

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the doctrine has endeavored to find its causes. Many explanatory elements of the collapse have...

It is impossible to understand the nature of the Soviet Union without looking at its political police. Like all dictatorships in the...

If the Treaty of Union of 1922 and the Constitutions which succeeded it provided for numerous mechanisms of integration to make it...

We saw in Part I how we can define fascism and how Putin designed his power from the year 2000 to 2016. We will now study his policies...

The 1922 Union Treaty served as the fundamental law throughout the Soviet era. Even if the Union of Independent States that it was,...

(This photograph shows soviet troops retreating from Afghanistan in 1989. A few years later those soldiers will witness the collapse of...

In the collective imagination, the History of the Russian Revolution is quite simply the History of the passage from the Russian Empire...

European construction is a recent phenomenon. Indeed, until the end of the Second World War and the end of the colonial Empires, the...

(The following is the first article of the chronicle retracing my diploma's thesis) Integration is a notion common to several...